Wednesday, April 7, 2021

 <div style="display:table;width:10px;background-color:#000000;font-size:12px;font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;padding:0.34em;"><iframe src="//media.mtvnservices.com/embed/mgid:arc:video:comedycentral.com:5487d9ac-0f67-466b-9bb1-fa598a7759bd" width="640" height="360" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe><p style="text-align: left; background-color: white; padding: 0.34em; margin-top: 0.34em; margin-bottom: 0px;"><b><a href="http://www.cc.com/shows/the-daily-show-with-trevor-noah">The Daily Show with Trevor Noah</a></b></p></div>


<div style="display:table;width:10px;background-color:#000000;font-size:12px;font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;padding:0.34em;"><iframe src="//media.mtvnservices.com/embed/mgid:arc:video:comedycentral.com:5487d9ac-0f67-466b-9bb1-fa598a7759bd" width="640" height="360" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe><p style="text-align: left; background-color: white; padding: 0.34em; margin-top: 0.34em; margin-bottom: 0px;"><b><a href="http://www.cc.com/shows/the-daily-show-with-trevor-noah">The Daily Show with Trevor Noah</a></b></p></div>

Friday, April 28, 2017

Difference Between a Report and a Position Paper


In grading the position papers, I have noticed that there is some confusion about the difference between a report and an argument or position paper. Using the death penalty in Florida as a topic, I will write a few paragraphs in the form of a report and then a few paragraphs in the form of a position paper to illustrate the difference.



Report

Although Texas leads the nation in the number of people executed, Florida leads the nation in the number of people sentenced to death (Smith 27). There are several reasons for this fact. The first reason is Florida’s requirement that juries be “death qualified,” meaning that every person sitting on a jury hearing a first-degree murder trial must be willing to vote for the death penalty in at least some circumstances. The result of this rule is that people opposing the death penalty are excluded from juries. Since women, minorities, and Catholics are more likely to oppose the death penalty, juries in Florida are often top-heavy with white, Protestant males.



Another factor leading to a greater number of people on Florida’s death row is the requirements for opposing the death penalty may lead to juries that are more prone to convict a defendant. Much research (Jones 42) shows that people who support the death penalty are more likely to convict defendants. Often, death penalty supporters are more concerned about letting a guilty person go free than they are about wrongly convicting an innocent person (Lee and Burke, 39).

Such jurors may be especially unconcerned about convicting the innocent if the defendant is a member of a minority group. One study of attitudes toward the death penalty (Davidowicz 159) has shown that strong proponents of the death penalty are far more likely to hold negative and even racist views of African Americans than are opponents of the death penalty.





Argument

While Texas executes more prisoners, Florida sentences more prisoners to death. The reasons for this high number of death sentences are complex but include the way in which juries are selected.  Another reason is the low requirements that must be met when imposing the death penalty. If Florida wants to continue using the death penalty, the state must reform the rules regulating the death penalty because they increase the chance of wrongful conviction, especially of minority defendants.[THIS IS THE THESIS. NOTE THAT THE REPORT DID NOT HAVE A THESIS.]

The first rule that needs to be reformed Is the one requiring juries hearing capital cases to be “death qualified.” This phrase means that all jurors serving on the jury must be willing to vote for the death penalty in at least some cases.  This rule has three effects that lessen the protection the justice system should afford to the defendants. First, research has found that such juries are more conviction prone (Smith 57). In other words, these juries are more likely to find a defendant guilty than are juries composed at least partially of people opposing the death penalty.  Such jurors are more concerned about letting the guilty go unpunished than they are about possibly convicting an innocent man (Lee 33).  Other research demonstrates that death penalty supporters are more likely to hold racist views of minorities than are death penalty opponents. Furthermore, since those opposing the death penalty are more likely to be members of minority groups, women, and Catholics, the death qualification requirement means that a defendant is less likely to have a jury representing a broad cross-section of the society that is deciding his fate.

The second requirement that needs to be altered is the limited time-frame for appeals. To hasten the application of the death penalty, Governor Rick Scott signed a bill providing only a shorter time for appeals and requiring that attorneys representing death row inmates keep the government informed of their activities on the prisoner’s behalf.  Limiting the time between trial and execution means that defendants will have less time to prove their innocence. This concern is not a hypothetical one: since 1973, twenty-four death row inmates have been exonerated and freed. A shorter time frame could increase the risk of executing an innocent person.  Requiring regular reports from inmates’ attorneys adds an extra burden on lawyers who may be either working pro-bono or for organizations that are woefully understaffed and underfunded (Burke 12). Since their legal activities are part of public record in any case, the reporting requirement seems more like an attempt at harassment than a genuine attempt to monitor legal processes.

                An examination of the research on the death penalty shows that Florida’s rules increase the chances of an inmate’s being sentenced to death. These rules increase both the chances of a defendant’s being convicted and the possibility of racial bias being a factor in the sentencing. As if those results were not bad enough, other rules hinder a defendant’s chances of overturning the sentence on appeal. In deciding whether or not to change Florida’s death penalty rules, it is important to remember the twenty-four men who were sentenced to death and later found innocent. Are we as a society really so eager to execute the guilty  that we are willing to risk executing the innocent as well?

Wednesday, April 26, 2017

Sample Self-Evaluation Essay

I want to provide students with a sample of an evaluation essay. Therefore, I have written an essay in which I evaluate my teaching. I hope this serves as a useful model for your own work.

In the fall and spring semesters of the 2016-2017 academic year, I taught English 101E, a class that covers the regular curriculum of Eng 101 but does so in two semesters instead of one. For me, the best part of teaching this class was the daily interaction with the students. I love teaching and many of my students were so thoughtful and diligent that it was a joy to teach them. However, this semester also presented many difficulties for me. Grading student papers taught me much about how effective or ineffective my teaching strategies were and I plan to learn from my mistakes and become a better teacher in the future.
My first difficulty this term was a technical one. I just could not get Blackboard to work for me. While I was able to post grades for students, other files disappeared after I posted them and I was unable to post new files. I solved this problem by writing a teaching blog. This strategy had several advantages: it provided a record of the day’s activities that students could review, it benefitted students who have learning disabilities that make it hard for them to take notes rapidly, and it helped students who were absent keep up with the course.  The major disadvantage of the blog was that I believe it may have indirectly promoted student absenteeism because students could get the material from the blog without coming to class.
Another problem I had as a teacher was finding just the right balance between lecturing and letting students write—and this is a writing course after all. Sometimes, I would arrive with fifty minutes of prepared material only to have a roomful of students look thoroughly miserable with having so much information crammed down their throats. In response, I leaned too far the other way and gave too many writing workshop days. Often, the result was that students surfed the net on the cell phones instead of doing work. Toward the end of the term, I finally hit in a balance of thirty minutes of teaching and twenty minutes of writing. This plan seemed to work most of the time.
I was not always consistent with the word of the day and grammar points and believe I should have offered these brief lessons during every class. I also wish I had had regular quizzes on Fridays as a way of encouraging regular attendance.
In addition to adjusting classroom procedures, I found I needed to adjust the balance of material taught. My biggest mistake was my failure to teach proper academic citation as thoroughly as I should have. I realized this failure when I graded papers and found so many students not citing their sources as at all. I had showed students how to use Purdue Owl for citations and thought I had done enough. I clearly had not. When I teach this class again, I will be sure to devote more time to this subject.
Another area that could be improved was classroom discussion. I found that, too often, a few students carried the discussion while others sat in silence. The reason for their silence was that I was asking about grammar points and vocabulary, and students were afraid to be wrong in front of the whole class. I need to devote more time to thinking about how to conduct class discussions in a way that engages all of the students.
One of my teaching strengths, I thought, was in trying to explain the difference between summary and analysis. I gave many demonstrations in class and put several examples on my teaching blog. Learning to analyze a text is difficult because it is not something students are asked to do very often. However, analysis is a requirement in college and no one can get through four years at a university without mastering this skill. The next time I teach this class, I will devote even more attention to this vital topic.
Another strength of my teaching was my emphasis on paragraph development. An online source provided valuable practice in developing topic sentences and writing paragraphs that were both unified and coherent. In the future, I will begin teaching this subject even earlier in the semester than I had before.I will also provide more in-class practice that involves either individual or group work to cement these lessons. 
Next fall, I will continue the blog. I will also devote more time to developing lecture questions that make everyone feel comfortable participating. In addition, it would be a good idea to devote more time to sentence structure and to give regular quizzes to encourage attendance.
Teachers not only teach their students, they learn from them. I have learned so much about which teaching techniques work and which do not work at all. The most important lessons for me this term involved balance and overcoming my tendency to either do  too much or too little.  If I apply this lesson to my future classes, my teaching will indeed become much better.


Directions for Self-Evaluation Essay Developed by Kelli Sellers

First, you want to revisit your original documents
Consider what you’ve learned this year and my feedback
Review the assignment sheets for the projects you have chosen
Review the Student Learning Outcomes outlined in your syllabus
Make a revision plan to provide you with direction
Revise your projects
Consider visiting the Writing Center and/or office hours for additional feedback

Then, write your self-evaluation essay


When writing your self-evaluation essay, consider the learning outcomes and ask which ones you have met:
See that writing is a form of social interaction;
Analyze rhetorical situations and make effective choices based on audience and context;
Responsibly synthesize material from a variety of sources;
Make claims and support them with appropriate evidence;
Use writing to critically explore, explain, evaluate, and reflect on their experiences and on those of others;
Understand and effectively use a range of genres/forms;
Use conventions of expression appropriate to situation and audience;
Effectively revise and provide substantive feedback to others on their writing;
Articulate a revision strategy based on an understanding of their own writing processes;
Recognize the importance of technology in research, writing, and other forms of social interaction.

The Reflective Essay

Has a Persuasive Focus
Explains your writing projects and assignments this semester
What you are most proud of, your challenges, what you learned
Discusses your writing process and revision process:
For this section, I would like you to focus on the revisions of the included essays
Explains which documents you revised and why
Details what changes you made (and why you made them)
Notes how these changes reflect the goals of the course
Addresses the student learning outcomes listed on your syllabus
Evaluates your participation in class
And explores your progress through the course this semester
What composition project, section, paragraph, or even sentence are you most proud to have produced this year?  What do you think is your biggest strength as a writer as we complete this semester?  What factors—if any—contributed to this improvement?
Given the feedback you’ve received on all or most of the projects and writing assignments for this course, what do you think your most significant challenges as a writer have been this semester?  Please cite specific examples that support your assessment.
What assignment or series of activities turned out to be the most difficult for you?  Why? 
What assignment or series of activities taught you the most?  What sorts of things did it teach you? 

More Questions

Consider the projects you revised for the portfolio. Think in detail what you felt was lacking in these essays and what you were trying to accomplish in your revisions.
Are you more, or less, confident about your abilities as a writer after completing these revisions?  Why?
We have talked at length in this course about writing and thinking as recursive processes in this class. What exactly does this mean to you? What has writing and/or revising this project taught you about the relationships between writing and thinking? How might this affect the way you write in the future?

Even More Questions

Identify three or four learning outcomes that you feel you successfully accomplished in this year.  Please provide specific examples of pieces of writing that you feel reflect your success with each. Use your revised essays to provide evidence for your claims.
If you had to take this course over again, would you change anything about how you went about preparing for class each week?    How would you honestly rate your overall participation this semester? 
How conscientious were you in completing your homework—specifically the readings and your journal entries?

And Finally

What are some of the most important things you feel you’ve learned in this class?  What, in detail, do you feel as if you’ve gained over the year?
In what ways do you feel this class has (or has not) prepared you for your future writing courses? 
What grade do you honestly feel you have earned in this class?  Why?  What grade do you think you will receive?  Upon what criteria/expectations do you think I will base such an assessment?
Given your participation, reading habits, journal, performance on projects, and your revisions, how would you honestly characterize your performance, learning, and writing in this class this semester?

The Introduction

The reflection for your final portfolio makes an argument about your experiences, progress, and outcomes in this course.
The introduction should include:
An introduction to yourself and your project
Your purpose for the portfolio
Background information
Main point/Thesis (You want to include the learning outcomes you want to address)

The Body

Should:
Provide specific and thoughtful evidence from your projects to support your claims (quote yourself!).
Discuss your revised projects in specific detail
Describe how your work this semester illustrates that you have successfully met the student learning outcomes listed on your syllabus and discussed in class.
Addresses the topics listed on the previous slide and on your portfolio assignment sheet

The Conclusion

The conclusion should offer last thoughts and any other information you think I should consider as I read the portfolio.
Some things to consider for the conclusion:
In terms of writing skills, where were you at the beginning of the fall semester? Where are you now? How will the skills you have learned help you in the future? In your coursework? What have you learned about yourself as a student and writer 

No Disneyfied Self-Evaluations

Keep in mind that you are making an argument about your work and writing processes this semester
Be honest! I’m asking you to reflect on your learning experiences. We all make mistakes as students and as writers. The important thing is to learn from them. We also grow and succeed. Don’t shy away from celebrating your successes or acknowledging your challenges. 
Don’t place blame!
And finally, keep your tone formal and academic

Summary

Keep in mind that you are making an argument about your work and writing processes this semester
Be honest! I’m asking you to reflect on your learning experiences. We all make mistakes as students and as writers. The important thing is to learn from them. We also grow and succeed. Don’t shy away from celebrating your successes or acknowledging your challenges. 
Don’t place blame!
And finally, keep your tone formal and academic
Questions

Information on Final Portfolio



Makes an argument about your progress in the course:
What you’ve learned
How you’ve improved
What grade you deserve based on your work in the course and how the works you included show you have met the specific learning outcomes
Consists of:
Your Reflective Essay

Two strategically revised essays (one must be your position essay) 

Sunday, April 23, 2017

More on Thesis Statements

1. A thesis must have a what--a subject--and a why--telling the reader why the issue matters.

2. A thesis should come near the beginning of the paper.

3. A thesis should be arguable: it must be supported with evidence and reasonable people could disagree.

4. A thesis should be fairly specific.

Non-specific thesis: Campus rape is a big problem.

Specific Thesis: University administrators are failing to institute policies to curb this serious problem.

Non-specific thesis: The death penalty in Florida is badly managed.

Specific thesis: Laws and procedures governing the use of the death penalty in Florida increase the likelihood of an innocent person being executed.


Note that in the thesis about the death penalty, this argument can be supported with evidence, it is fairly specific, and reasonable people can disagree with it. No doubt the Florida governor would claim that the death penalty in the state is fair and procedurally sound.

Note that the non-specific version uses the bland and vague word is. The improved version uses the more descriptive verb increase.